Later, a 40-minute film was produced that contains prize-winning graphics, which are on display at the National Air and Space Museum. He is also a fellow with Discovery Institute's Center for Science and Culture. Nonetheless, the case should be that an engineer should excel in several aspects and not only in one to be considered the best in his league. Guth's first step to developing his theory of inflation occurred at Cornell in 1978, when he attended a lecture by Robert Dicke about the flatness problem of the universe. Luc Montagnier is a virologist and a professor at Shanghai Jiaotong University in China. Evans received his Ph.D. from UCLA and conducted his postdoctoral training at Rockefeller University. Bonner's present research interests include experiments designed to understand how this reversal is achieved in a number of species that vary morphologically. In 1984, he joined the National Institutes of Health. 125 likes. These inventors, innovators and educators have changed the world with help of their Engineering skills. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1964, along with Nikolay Basov and Alexander Prokhorov, for fundamental work in the quantum electronics of oscillators and amplifiers. He is credited with the construction of the world's first yeast artificial chromosome. He was among the first to apply principles of taphonomy and paleoecology to the interpretation of microfossils. He retired in 1996, when he became an emeritus professor at the University of Edinburgh. Guth is also interested in pursuing the possibility of inflation in "brane world" models, which propose that our universe is a four-dimensional membrane floating in a higher-dimensional space. Alan Guth is a theoretical physicist and cosmologist, who currently serves as the Victor Weisskopf Professor of Physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Web resource: Lene Vestergaard Hau's Home Page. While the matter is traveling between the two Bose-Einstein condensates, it can be trapped for minutes, then reshaped into something else. Ogawa earned his Ph.D. in chemistry from Stanford University after being trained as an applied physicist in his native Japan. Bonner studied at Harvard University. Michael Bloomberg 2. Web resource: Jack W. Szostak's Home Page. Kao earned his Ph.D. in electrical engineering from University College London. Weinberg's influence and importance are confirmed by the fact that he is frequently among the top scientists with the highest research effect indices, such as the h-index and the creativity index. He was honored as the "Inventor of the World Wide Web" during the 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony. He once told a New York Times interviewer that âfor good people to do evil things, that takes religion,â and his dislike of religion has only grown over the years. Engineering includes empowering faculties and supporting students to reach meaningful goals and advances in the vision of becoming global engineers. He was responsible for creating the Army's Engineer School of Application and his influence can be seen in a lot of elements of the coast defense systems of the U.S., especially in the submarine … The HGP also attempted to identify and map the various biological functions for which the human genotype is responsible. He has won numerous awards including the Wiley Prize in 2003, the National Academy of Sciences Award in Molecular Biology in 2003, and the Meyenburg Prize in 2002 from the German Cancer Research Center. A good scientist is a person with original ideas. These experiments measured two particles that were released at the same time and from the same source in opposite directions. Web resource: Timothy Berners-Lee's Home Page. His recent research focuses on the molecular understanding of the RNAi machinery and its roles in the cell, as well as on the identification of other triggers and mechanisms used in the recognition of, and response to, chemical information coming from outside the cell. Weinberg earned his Ph.D. from Princeton University, and then conducted his postdoctoral work at Columbia University and the University of California, Berkeley, where he was later promoted to the faculty. Web resource: Mildred S. Dresselhaus passed away February 20, 2017.. Gerald M. Edelman is a biologist, immunologist, and neuroscientist. Bard is also featured in our article "50 People Who Deserve a Nobel Prize.". Ultra-slow light creates a unique new tool for probing the fundamental properties of Bose-Einstein condensates. . Kandel attended New York University's Medical School, where he later took a position in the Departments of Physiology and Psychiatry; eventually, he formed the Division of Neurobiology and Behavior there. Fréchet holds over 70 U.S. patents and his research is conducted in the areas of organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, nanoscience, and nanotechnology, in which he has authored nearly 800 articles, with a major emphasis on the design, fundamental understanding, synthesis, and applications of functional macromolecules. He is also the vice president of research at the King Abdullah University of Science & Technology in Saudi Arabia. He is credited with inventing the first functional telephone. He has over 300 peer-reviewed journal publications. Fréchet is also featured in our article "50 People Who Deserve a Nobel Prize.". He has also worked on a family of theories called âtechnicolor,â which postulates various physical theories beyond the Standard Model. The Karplus equation, which describes the correlation between coupling constants and dihedral angles in protein nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, is named after him. Witten then held a junior fellowship at Harvard University, and a few years later a MacArthur Foundation fellowship. These discoveries revolutionized the fields of development, endocrinology, and metabolism, as well as their disorders, pointing to new tactics for drug discovery and important new applications in biotechnology and modern medicine. Bernard Arnault 7. Tour earned his Ph.D. in synthetic organic and organometallic chemistry from Purdue University, and conducted his postdoctoral training in synthetic organic chemistry at the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. In 2013, Karplus received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, along with Michael Levitt and Arieh Warshel, for developing multi-scale models for complex chemical systems. Hawking is known for his work on gravitational singularity theorems in the framework of general relativity, and the theoretical prediction that black holes emit radiation, often called "Hawking radiation.". Marks has made important technical contributions across widely diverse areas, such as the spacing of radium inserts to treat prostate cancer, signal display, remote sensing, optical image sampling, optical computers, and the use of fuzzy logic to control the electrical grid (how electricity is delivered today depends crucially on the work of Marks). oscillators and amplifiers. In 2011, he won the Fritz J. and Dolores H. Russ Prize for automating DNA sequencing that revolutionized biomedicine and forensic science. In 1999, President Bill Clinton awarded Baltimore the National Medal of Science for his prodigious contributions to science. She is also investigating the implications of the discovery of hypervelocity stars, as well as heading up a project called "HectoMAP," which uses large databases of information to map clusters of galaxies, and which in turn aids us in understanding how these systems develop over the history of the universe. He is active in the Faraday Institute for Science and Religion and has lectured there on "Evolution and Fine-Tuning in Biology." He is the George M. Moffett Professor Emeritus of Biology in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at Princeton University. Niklaus Wirth is best known as the designer of Pascal. See the top ranked undergraduate engineering programs at U.S. News. Whitesides earned a Ph.D. in chemistry from the California Institute of Technology, where his graduate work focused on the use of NMR spectroscopy in organic chemistry. JCVI is home to more than 300 scientists and other staff, has more than 250,000 square feet of laboratory space, and is the world leader in genomic research. Top NBA Players With No Championship Rings, Celebrities Who Are Not In The Limelight Anymore. Satya Nadella is an Indian-American business executive, currently serving as the chief executive officer of Microsoft. He also serves as the director of the Joint Center for Translational Medicine, which joins Caltech and UCLA in a program to translate basic science discoveries into clinical realities. Hau is also featured in our article "50 People Who Deserve a Nobel Prize.". And in 2004, Berners-Lee was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for his pioneering work. Hood has received several notable awards, including the National Medal of Science in 2011, the Heinz Award in 2006, and the Albert Lasker Award in 1987, among others. He then completed his postdoctoral research at the Applied Physics Laboratory at Johns Hopkins University. This work led to further experiments on the transfer of light to matter, then from matter back into light, which led to important implications for quantum encryption and quantum computing. Wilson Biodiversity Foundation, devoted to achieving this goal. Penrose shared the Wolf Foundation Prize for Physics in 1988 with Stephen Hawking (#20 on our list) for his contribution to our understanding of the universe. In these lectures Conway Morris makes several claims that evolution is compatible with belief in the existence of a God. Sterols are a major class of biomolecule and critical for life. He and Hölldobler subsequently published several popular books on ants. These stars can travel across the Milky Way and may be an important tracer of the matter distribution in the Galaxy. He was awarded the prestigious Turing Award in 1987 for developing his sequence of innovative … Geller's current main research interests include a project she leads called the "Smithsonian Hectospec Lensing Survey" (SHELS), which uses the phenomenon of gravitational lensing tomap the distribution of the mysterious, ubiquitous dark matter in the universe. Evans is also featured in our article "50 People Who Deserve a Nobel Prize.". Guth is the originator of the inflationary cosmology, a theory of the universe that answers the conundrum posed by the Big Bang of why the universe appears flat, homogeneous, and isotropic, when one would expect (on the basis of the physics of the Big Bang) a highly curved, heterogeneous, and anisotropic universe. He has served as a consultant to companies such as Microsoft and Boeing corporation. Their work opened up the whole field of modern lasers. In 2012, Dresselhaus was awarded the prestigious Kavli Institute's prize in nanoscience. He is also the founder and president of the World Foundation for AIDS Research and Prevention. Whitesides is also featured in our article "50 People Who Deserve a Nobel Prize.". He is Professor Emeritus of the Art of Computer Programming (a chair created especially for him), at Stanford University. David Koch 4. Web resource: Alain Aspect's Home Page. He is Professor Emeritus of the Art of Computer Programming (a chair created especially for him), at Stanford University. During World War II, he worked on designing radar systems and he holds a number of patents in that area. He is a Precambrian paleontologist and biogeochemist. Kandel has been awarded the Wolf Prize in Medicine in 1999 and the Harvey Prize in 1993, along with the Nobel Prize in 2000. His finding that various string theories can be mapped onto one another by certain rules, called dualities, led to a flurry of work now known as the "second superstring revolution. Electrical engineering became a subject of academic interest to the scientific community, during the 17th century and one of the first electrical engineers known to the world was, William Gilbert. investigating the implications of the discovery of hypervelocity stars, as well as heading up, a project called "HectoMAP," which uses large databases of information to. He also discusses how sexual cycles vary depending on size and complexity, and how the trend away from randomness in higher forms has even been reversed in some social organisms. Mullis joined the Cetus Corporation in Emeryville, California, as a DNA chemist in 1979. Moore was named Chairman Emeritus of Intel Corporation in 1997. Edelman is noted for his theory of consciousness, which he has documented in several technical books, as well as books written for a general audience, including Bright Air, Brilliant Fire, A Universe of Consciousness (with Giulio Tononi), Wider than the Sky, and Second Nature: Brain Science and Human Knowledge. To likes the only beat engineers Südhof, a native of Germany, obtained his MD from the University of Göttingen and conducted his postdoctoral training in the department of molecular genetics at the University of Texas's Health Science Center. He continued to teach at Harvard University for a time after his appointment as Director of CSHL. Eric R. Kandel is University Professor & Kavli Professor of Brain Science in the Department of Neuroscience at Columbia University. His lab at the University of Texas tests different chemical compounds in the hopes of discovering a material that will carry out artificial photosynthesis. Hood is also featured in our article "50 People Who Deserve a Nobel Prize.". This approach makes possible computer simulations that are so realistic they closely resemble the outcome of traditional laboratory experiments. His specialty is myrmecology---the study of ants---on which he is considered to be the world's leading authority. 1. The most outstanding engineer of all times is perhaps Newton, who gave us laws of motions and universal gravitation, law of cooling, law of friction, calculus, theory of light, etc.. Some of his awards include Texas A&M's Trotter Prize in 2007, the GSL Charles Lyell Medal in 1998, and the Paleontological Society's Charles Schuchert Award in 1989. She studied at Darwin College in Cambridge and holds several honorary doctorates from universities such as Syracuse University, Rutgers University, the University of Liverpool, and the University of Toronto, among others. Web resource: The E.O. The latter was another controversial work which argued that the natural sciences are destined to replace the social sciences and even the humanities. Marks received his Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Texas Tech University. Their work opened up the whole field, human genome. He was made a National Academy of Sciences fellow in 1973. Edward O. Wilson is a biologist and naturalist. Tesla is exceptionally brilliant!! Yamanaka showed, for the first time, that an intact, differentiated (adult), somatic cell could be reprogrammed to become pluripotent, thus having unlimited powers to differentiate itself. Penrose has authored or co-authored more than 10 books, including Techniques of Differential Topology in Relativity, Shadows of the Mind: A Search for the Missing Science of Consciousness, The Road to Reality: A Complete Guide to the Laws of the Universe, and Cycles of Time: An Extraordinary New View of the Universe. The research conducted by Goodall at Gombe Stream not only is scientifically important but also benefits the park itself. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Medicine, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society. Witten is best known for his fundamental mathematical insights into string theory. In 2009, he was elected as a Fellow of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, and in 2012, he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society. Schaefer is the author of more than 1,300 scientific publications, the majority appearing in the Journal of Chemical Physics and the Journal of the American Chemical Society. On June 20, 2013, Ostriker was given the White House Champions of Change Award for his role in initiating the Sloan Digital Sky Survey project, which makes all of its astronomical data sets available publicly on the Internet. Engineering means thinking globally. Knuth is known as the âfather of the analysis of algorithms.â He created the WEB and CWEB computer programming systems designed to encourage and facilitate literate programming. In 2009, he was elected as a foreign associate of the United States National Academy of Sciences. In 1983, Montagnier led the team which first isolated the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), a new type of retrovirus previously unrecognized in humans, and brought the first evidence that this virus was the causative agent of AIDS. Tour is also featured in our article "50 People Who Deserve a Nobel Prize.". In 2001, Moore and his wife donated $600 million to Caltech, to be used for research and technology. He also discovered that Chern-Simons theory could provide a framework for understanding the mathematical theory of knots and 3-manifolds. One of Baltimore's most significant contributions was in virology, for his discovery of the protein reverse transcriptase, essential for the reproduction of retroviruses such as HIV. The Foundation is privately endowed, and holds a portfolio of high-risk, high-tech, large-scale initiatives in the areas of fundamental science, medicine, and the environment. He has had a profound influence on national science policy, spanning everything from stem cell research to cloning to AIDS. Find the best undergraduate engineering program for you. He shared the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work with Rodney Robert Porter on the immune system. Bonner's work argues for the underappreciated role that randomness, or chance, plays in evolution. He also serves as Director of the Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, and as a professor with the Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, at Kyoto University in Japan. 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